TED · B1-B2
What staying up all night does to your brain - Anna Rothschild
本文以考前通宵为例，解析熬夜如何干扰昼夜节律、阻碍记忆巩固并削弱认知功能。尽管咖啡因和短暂的多巴胺激增能暂时维持清醒，但睡眠剥夺会导致注意力涣散、微睡眠及情绪失控。长期缺乏睡眠更与多种健康风险及学业表现下降相关，强调了规律作息的重要性。
对抗生物钟与疲劳机制
When you stay up all night, you're fighting against your body's natural circadian rhythms. These are the cyclical changes that virtually all living things experience over the course of a 24 hour period—such as sleeping and waking—and they’re heavily influenced by light. But for the moment, you're alert and powering through the rule of Julius Caesar.
As the sun sets, your eyes send signals about the dwindling light to a part of your brain called suprachiasmatic nucleus. This is basically your circadian rhythm’s clock. It alerts your pineal gland to start producing melatonin. That’s the hormone that helps prepare your body for sleep, and levels start to rise about two hours before your normal bedtime.
记忆巩固受阻与认知衰退
Right now these dates and names are being stored in an area of the brain called the hippocampus. Normally when you go to sleep, memories like these are consolidated and slotted into long term storage in your brain’s neocortex. So it’s a good thing you only need to remember this information through tomorrow.
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